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Can AI Break Stories Like Hollywood Does?

With a process called Story Breaking, your favorite TV shows are plotted in a writer's room where the stories are "broken" into their component beats and arranged into the outline from which a script can be written.

With the recent release of OpenAI's ChatGPT product, we wondered if AI could help with the story breaking process.

The Idea

While working on a doomed NFT project in the depths of a bear market, an amazing thing happened.

The project, like many late-model NFTs came with interrelated lore and gaming components. A serialized story about a handpicked set of characters from the collection would have episode tie-in games associated with them, where game state was stored on the blockchain.

Though the project itself never took flight, the narrative, about a small group of orphaned, fledgling birds who must depend upon each other for survival, became the fodder for an experiment with the new chatbot that's all the rage, ChatGPT.

The concept for the series, its characters, and the first season's basic arc we already had in a handful of paragraphs. As well as a description of the inciting event that kicks everything in motion. That was our starting point for this experiment.

The Goal

Create complete outlines for the first season's episodes.

Outlines are not scripts. They don't contain a lot of dialog and action, just an organized list of moments where those should occur.

Our goal is to determine if this fancy new AI could sit in a writers' room with other writers and/or AIs and help storybreak a series into existence.

Creating a Prompt Flow

You can always just ask the AI to spit out a story, whole cloth ("Write me a new episode of Breaking Bad") but you won't have much control over the final product and its quality and continuity. While it may have been trained all the articles on story breaking on the internet, it doesn't mean that the AI will follow a rational procedure for generating its output.

We thought that the process of Story Breaking, where ideas go from rough to detailed over many hours of thought and discussion about each plot twist, each character's motivation, etc., could be applied in a multi-step AI prompt flow. Breaking big things down into smaller and smaller components, feeding the output from one level into the input of the next.

In order to produce a single story-aware suggestion, the AI needs a lot of information to stick the landing. Our experiment gives it a lot of relevant context to consider, and asks it for a the next piece of the puzzle.

We take care to prompt with only the relevant data, and in a iterative manner so that we go from the roughest idea to the most specific story content in a series of prompts. While doing this manually through ChatGPT is laborious at the moment (lots of copy paste, merging, and files, so many files...), we expect API access will make this a lot easier and more fun.

Essentially, we provide a brief description of the series, characters, season arc, etc. Then we get some suggestions back from the AI which can in turn be folded into the prompt for the next level down in the outline.

Drilling Down to the Beats

Ultimately an episode is a string of beats, which compose scenes, which compose acts, which compose the episode. Meanwhile the episode generally weaves 2 or 3 separate stories together.

An entire season of episodes generally has an arc with an inciting incident at the start and a climax at the end. The stories told by the episodes need to service that greater arc as they go.

It's a lot to keep straight. Let's see what the AI can do to, given the salient info at each step of the way.

First we want to get a feel for the season. What should happen at a high level in each episode?

Step 1 - Prompt for Season's Episode Summaries

We want to get a sense of what each episode will be about so that we can make sure it tracks with the season's overall arc. Just a sentence or two about each episode should suffice.

Prompt

You are the showrunner in a TV writers' room. Let's plan the episodes of a season.

I will give you:

You give me a list of episode descriptions ...

Series Info

Season Arc

Lil Birbs is a story about five orphaned fledglings who must learn to fly, socialize, and prepare for their first migration.

Fledglings are just out of the nest, and so they are on the ground when a big tornado tears through their area, destroying their trees and their parents who were in them. Now these young birds of different species have to rely upon themselves and each other to survive.

Season ends when all the Lil Birbs have to set off on their first migration. The whole season is preparation for this moment.

Precinct

Near a tall oak in a field on the outskirts of the great forest. Many of the nearby trees are badly damaged. Branches and limbs are heaped all around, making it difficult for the small fledglings to move around or see for very far. They have been within fifty feet of this tree for their entire young lives.

Character Sketches

Inciting Incident

Spring had been lovely and summer was just around the corner. Up in the trees, hatchlings grew into fledglings, and soon were free of their nests.

But on this particular day, this unseasonably warm afternoon, the sky turned black. Leaves on the maples folded back to accept the coming rain in that curious way they have. From the east, a deep rumbling arose and the ground trembled.

Then the willows went.

Rope-like branches whipped upward as decades-old trees were ripped from the ground. A whirling vortex of debris filled the sky.

Trembling together beneath a mighty oak that was spared, five fledglings peered out at the devastation.

"My tree is gone," cried Willow, a timid young warbler.

Azure, a keen-eyed blue jay, scanned the area. "All our trees are gone," he said.

From a hole high above them in the oak tree, Inaros, an old owl poked out his head. "What's all the noise? I'm trying to sleep!"

Output Format

Show: [the show name]

Season [the season #]

Episode [episode #]: [episode description]

AI Response (Episode Summaries)

Show: Lil Birbs

Season 1

Episode 1: "Grounded"

As the tornado subsides, our five fledglings survey the wreckage of their homes. Under the guidance of the grumpy old owl, they grudgingly band together and build a shared nest in the remaining oak. Willow is elected the group's leader due to her cheerful and calming voice.

Episode 2: "First Flight"

The birds try to learn how to fly. Despite several humorous mishaps, they start to get the hang of it, but Willow struggles with her fear of heights. A heart-to-heart with Ayana helps her overcome her fear, resulting in a triumphant first flight.

Episode 3: "Sound of Music"

Melody's mimicry skills come into play when the birds find a forgotten windchime in the field. She replicates its sound to soothe them when they miss their parents. Meanwhile, Azure keeps an eye on the barn cat who seems to have taken an interest in the young birds.

Episode 4: "The Visitor"

A migrating bird lands near the oak. The fledglings learn about migration and realize they have to prepare for it. They seek advice from the visitor, who shares stories about his journeys. The concept of the journey to the south excites but also scares them.

Episode 5: "A Bird's-Eye View"

Azure leads the group in mapping the terrain around them from the sky. They take note of the barn, the lake, and the forest, setting the stage for future exploration. They encounter a hawk, who teaches them a tough but valuable lesson in staying alert.

Episode 6: "New Kids in the Flock"

Melody and Spike get into a squabble over Melody mimicking Spike's voice. The dispute escalates into a group argument that leads to them realizing they're not just survivors together, but a real family.

Episode 7: "Cats and Dogs"

The barn cat makes a bold attempt to attack the fledglings. Azure alerts the group, and together they manage to fend off the cat. Later, they meet the farmer's dog, a kind-hearted retriever who offers to help them stay safe from the cat.

Episode 8: "Ayana's Day Out"

Ayana wanders off to the foothills to find a sunny patch, but she gets lost. The others must use their combined skills to locate and bring her back to their oak safely, strengthening their bond in the process.

Episode 9: "Final Preparations"

With the migration approaching, the group scrambles to prepare. Willow, with Azure's help, charts out a rough course for their trip south. Spike helps them practice foraging, while Melody tries to keep everyone's spirits up with her song mimicry.

Episode 10 "Taking Flight"

As fall arrives, the fledglings take their first leap of faith and embark on their journey south. They overcome their fear, face challenges head-on, and celebrate their survival and unity. The season ends with them leaving their birthplace, soaring into the horizon, ready for their next big adventure.

Step 2 - Prompt for Episode's A, B, and C Stories

That was a great set of episode summaries that show us that it seems to grasp the big picture and can plan episodes along a season arc.

With all the above and the Episode 1 summary, we can prompt for the separate stories told in Episode 1.

Prompt

You are the showrunner in a TV writers' room.

Let's plan the A, B, and C stories of an episode.

I will give you

You give the episode's A, B, and C stories

Output Format

Show: [show title]

Season [season #], Episode [episode #]: [episode name]

Story [story letter]: [story description]

AI Response (Episode 1 Stories)

Show: Lil Birbs

Season 1, Episode 1: Grounded

Story A: In the aftermath of the devastating tornado, Willow, Azure, Melody, Spike, and Ayana must come to terms with their new reality. With their homes destroyed and their parents gone, survival becomes their top priority. Under the grumpy guidance of Inaros, the old owl, they begin to work together, putting their different skills to use. Willow's soothing songs, Azure's sharp eyes, Melody's mimicking ability, Spike's toughness, and Ayana's calm nature, all contribute to the process of building a new shared nest in the remaining oak. In this story, we see how Willow is naturally elected as the group's leader thanks to her ability to comfort and unite the others.

Story B: Azure spots a large branch that would be perfect for the new nest. However, it's located in a risky area, near the barn of the farmhouse. Azure, Melody, and Spike decide to venture out and retrieve it. Along the way, they must evade the predatory barn cat, leading to tense and humorous situations. Meanwhile, Willow and Ayana stay back to keep the nest-building going, providing a counterpoint of calm and determination.

Story C: Inaros is initially annoyed by the young birds. But as he observes their spirit and resilience, he warms up to them. Throughout the episode, he dispenses wisdom, reluctantly at first, then more willingly as he begins to care about the young ones' survival. His advice and guidance, often delivered in a gruff manner, end up being instrumental to the group's success. By the end of the episode, we see a softening in his demeanor, hinting at a mentor figure emerging for the fledglings in their new life.

Step 3 - Prompt for Episode's Scenes by Act

Those are some solid story ideas for the first episode to weave together, which all fit the characters' situation perfectly at the beginning of the series.

With all the above and the Episode 1 summary, we can prompt for its individual scenes by act.

Prompt

You are the showrunner in a TV writers' room.

Let's plan the scenes of an episode.

I will give you

You give me the brief summaries of scenes for the episode, numbering the scenes independently of their acts.

Output Format

Show: [show title]

Season [season #], Episode [episode #]: [episode name]

Act: [act #]

Scene [scene #]: [scene name]

[brief scene description]

AI Response (Episode 1 Scenes by Act)

Show: Lil Birbs

Season 1, Episode 1: Grounded

Act 1

Scene 1: Fledglings' Grounded Nest

The five orphaned fledglings, Willow, Azure, Melody, Spike, and Ayana, survey the wreckage of their nest and mourn their lost parents. They begin to realize the gravity of their situation and the need to band together for survival.

Scene 2: Meeting Inaros

Inaros, the wise old Owl, watches the fledglings from his tree hole. He reluctantly approaches them, grumbling about their presence, but ultimately offers them his guidance and advice. The fledglings listen attentively, intrigued by his wisdom.

Scene 3: Building a New Nest

Willow takes charge and leads the fledglings in gathering materials to build a new nest in the remaining oak tree. Each fledgling contributes their unique skills, with Willow soothing and uniting them, Azure providing situational awareness, Melody mimicking the sounds of other birds, Spike offering his protection, and Ayana remaining calm and observant.

Act 2

Scene 4: Azure's Discovery

Azure spots a large branch near the farmhouse that would be perfect for the new nest. He convinces Melody and Spike to join him on the risky mission of retrieving it. They cautiously navigate their way, avoiding the barn cat's pursuit.

Scene 5: Evading the Barn Cat

Azure, Melody, and Spike find themselves in a precarious situation as the barn cat tries to catch them. They use their quick thinking and teamwork to outwit the cat, creating moments of both tension and humor.

Scene 6: Nest-building Continues

Willow and Ayana work diligently to build the nest, using materials brought by Azure, Melody, and Spike. They face challenges but remain determined and focused, showcasing their complementary strengths.

Act 3

Scene 7: Inaros' Growing Affection

Inaros watches the fledglings' bravery and resourcefulness as they successfully bring back the branch. He begins to warm up to them, seeing their potential and admiring their resilience.

Scene 8: Inaros' Guiding Words

Inaros imparts more wisdom to the fledglings, this time willingly and with a touch of care in his gruff demeanor. He teaches them survival techniques and encourages them to keep their spirits high amidst adversity.

Scene 9: Completing the New Nest

With the branch safely added to the nest, the fledglings rejoice in their accomplishment. Willow leads them in a celebratory song, symbolizing their unity and strength as a newfound family.

Act 4

Scene 10: Sunset Reflections

The fledglings gather around Inaros as the sun sets, sharing their experiences and emotions. Inaros expresses pride in their progress and growing attachment to them, foreshadowing his emerging role as a mentor figure for the fledglings.

Scene 11: Nighttime Nest Huddle

The fledglings settle into their new nest for the night, finding comfort and security in their collective presence. Inaros keeps a watchful eye on them from his tree hole, silently observing their growing bond.

Scene 12: Epilogue - Preparing for the Journey

As the episode concludes, the fledglings reflect on the challenges they have overcome and the lessons they have learned. They eagerly anticipate their first migration and the adventures that lie ahead, now more prepared and united than ever before. Inaros offers a final word of encouragement, solidifying his role as their trusted mentor.

Step 4 - Prompt for a Scene's Beats

Based on what we've provided and the AI has generated so far, we now have an excellent set of scenes for the first episode.

With all the above, we can prompt for the beats of each scene. Let's see the results for Act 1 Scene 1.

Prompt

You are the showrunner in a TV writers' room.

Let's break a scene into beats.

I will give you

You give me the beats for the scene.

Output Format

Show: [show title]

Season [season #], Episode [the episode #]: [episode name]

Act [act #], Scene [scene #]: [scene name]

Beat [beat #]: [beat description]

AI Responses (Episode 1 - Beats of Each Scene)

Show: Lil Birbs

Season 1, Episode 1: Grounded

Act 1, Scene 1: Fledglings' Grounded Nest

Beat 1: After the storm, the camera pans across the wreckage to reveal the five fledglings - Willow, Azure, Melody, Spike, and Ayana - in a state of shock and mourning.

Beat 2: Willow, with her small size and outsized determination, lifts her head to the sky and chirps a poignant song, establishing her character as a communicator and emotional leader.

Beat 3: Azure, using his keen sense of situational awareness, starts surveying the wreckage around the tall oak tree. His gaze is alert and wary, showcasing his natural protective instinct.

Beat 4: Melody, amidst the sorrow, begins mimicking the song of other birds and even the howl of the wind, suggesting her quirky talent and resilience in the face of adversity.

Beat 5: Spike, the tough foster kid, takes stock of the situation, his stern demeanor hiding a sense of loss. He remains slightly detached from the group, foreshadowing his struggle for acceptance and camaraderie.

Beat 6: Ayana finds a small patch of sun amid the wreckage and stretches out her tiny wings, representing her calmness and patience in the midst of chaos.

Beat 7: The fledglings begin to communicate with each other, their bird-like chatter mixed with emotion, confusion, and determination. Their actions reveal their distinct personalities and the challenges they will face.

Beat 8: The fledglings make a collective decision to band together for survival, solidifying their newly formed family.

Beat 9: The fledglings look toward the future, aware of their situation, determined to survive, and preparing for the challenges that lie ahead. Their determination sets the stage for the rest of the episode and the series.

Episode 1 Final Outline

After prompting for all the beats of all the scenes of an episode, we can distill the responses into a readable outline.

Act 1 Scene 1: Fledglings' Grounded Nest

Act 1 Scene 2: Meeting Inaros

Act 1 Scene 3: Building a New Nest

Act 2 Scene 4: Azure's Discovery

Act 2 Scene 5: Evading the Barn Cat

Act 2 Scene 6: Nest-building Continues

Act 3 Scene 7: Inaros' Growing Affection

Act 3 Scene 8: Inaros' Guiding Words

Act 3 Scene 9: Completing the New Nest

Act 4, Scene 10: Sunset Reflections

Act 4, Scene 11: Nighttime Nest Huddle

Act 4, Scene 12: Epilogue - Preparing for the Journey

Conclusion

Though we only created several episodes worth down to the beat, we were convinced that by crafting a logical prompt flow that includes the relevant information you can get story-aware suggestions.

There will be problems managing continuity across scenes, episodes, and seasons, since the context window for the AI is quite small. That will probably get larger over time, allowing for more relevant background to be included in in each prompt.

All in all, we consider it a promising technology that will require careful strategy to create large undertakings like creating an engaging series.

On this page

The IdeaThe GoalCreating a Prompt FlowDrilling Down to the Beats
Step 1 - Episode Summaries
Prompt
Series Info
Season Arc
Precinct
Character Sketches
Inciting Incident
Output Format
AI Response
Step 2 - Episode Stories
Prompt
Output Format
AI Response
Step 3 - Episode Scenes
Prompt
Output Format
AI Response
Step 4 - Episode Beats
Prompt
Output Format
AI Response
Episode 1 Final OutlineConclusion